Traffic in Coyoacán is some of the worst in the city. In quality of life, which takes into account factors such as crime statistics, Coyoacán ranked second behind Benito Juarez in Mexico City. [74] The Casa de Cultura Ricardo Flores Magón was opened in 1986 with the name of Casa del Pueblo. Die Kapelle des Heiligen Antonius von Panzacola stammt aus dem 18. The main street market, or tianguis, for the area was called Luis Mondragón, which set up each Friday where the Coyoacán gymnasium is now, selling foodstuff, domestic animals, and other necessities. The house looks like a fortress, and it was fortified to protect Trotsky from assassins. [22] Local legend states that this was the location were Cuauhtémoc was tortured as the Spanish tried to learn of the whereabouts of more treasure. [7], Álvaro Obregón | A hall was added in the early 1900s. To distinguish it from the rest of Coyoacán borough, the former independent community is referred to as Villa Coyoacán or the historic center of the borough. [9] The area is a stop for both the Turibus and Tranvia Turistico tour bus routes, on their routes through San Ángel, Ciudad Universitaria and other locations in the south of Mexico City. [11][35] This has deforested the area and depleted the soil leaving very little wildlife. [11] In the 17th century, the Spanish built the monastery of Churubusco over a ceremonial site dedicated to the god Huitzilopochtli. Gustavo A. Madero | The brothers cultivated a number of crops including fruit trees and flowers. In 1857, the area was incorporated into the Federal District when this district was expanded. [35] In the past, this park was also home to the first Escuela Nacional de Tauromaquia (National School of Bullfighting). The building is modern. Upon encountering a business producing pulque, they decided to go inside after leaving the image in a supposedly secure place. In the pre-Hispanic period, Coyoacán was originally an independent dominion or altepetl. Milpa Alta | [19] One of the most important of these structures is the Casa de Ordaz, located on Calle Francisco Sosa on the corner with the Plaza de Centenario.) [8][18] The museum was created in 1982, to show the values and ways of live of the various modern cultural groups in Mexico. Coyoacán (Ort der Kojoten in Nahuatl) ist ein südlicher Stadtbezirk (delegación) von Mexiko-Stadt, der bis zur Bildung der Stadtbezirke (delegaciones) 1929 eine eigenständige Gemeinde war. The first is that redevelopment will take over areas which still maintain some of their rural or village feel, which has happened in other formerly independent communities. The urban sprawl of Mexico City reached the borough in the mid-20th century, turning farms, former lakes, and forests into developed areas, but many of the former villages have kept their original layouts, plazas, and narrow streets and have conserved structures built from the 16th to the early 20th centuries. The building is towering and fortress-like made of volcanic stone, incorporating stylistic features from several pre-Hispanic cultures. [33] In 2004, Coyoacán was ranked the fifth most livable neighborhood in North America, ahead of Rittenhouse, Philadelphia and behind Camden, Maine. It was founded by Cuernavaca-born watercolor artist Alfredo Guati in 1967. The sides are framed by sandstone, with the main entrance on Cuauhtemoc. [38] In total, the borough contains 349 registered buildings of cultural or historic importance, with 157 of these in the historic center. [20], While lacking in landmarks, La Candelaria and Los Reyes are considered to be the two most traditional communities in the borough, with mostly religious traditions that extend back into the colonial period. [11], In additions to structures from the colonial era, Coyoacán has important structure from the 19th century, replicas of colonial and 19th century buildings constructed in the 20th century and modern buildings. However, Cortés never lived at the site, despite a plaque on building that says that he did. It was constructed to simulate a volcanic cone with a wide crater. It stands out due to its many stained glass windows with Arab phrases inscribed against a stucco facade. The mansion of the early twentieth century, illuminated by its glass windows, calls readers to walk among its high shelves of two floors and to know its wide range of titles. La Magdalena Contreras | On the east side is an unfinished work related to the culture of Mexico. [6], Centro Nacional de las Artes (National Arts Center) is located on Avenida Rio Churubusco just east of Calazada de Tlalpan. Above the entrance is the coat of arms granted to Coyoacán by Charles IV of Spain. [4], Das ursprüngliche Kloster Santa María de los Ángeles im Stadtviertel Churubusco wurde im 16. Tlalpan | [53] During Holy Week, La Candelaria holds a passion play which runs about 4 km from the main plaza to the Huayamilpas Ecological and Recreational Park. The facade is topped by a wide cornice and inverted arches. [11][27] Calle Francisco Sosa alone has 65 structures catalogued by INAH for their historic value. This building was part of the ruins on a portion of an old hacienda purchased by Salvador Novo around 1950. [16][17] The borough began to issue some permits for vendors, but there was opposition. [37] The oldest of these divisions are former villages which are distinguished by their colonial era churches and who still celebrate their feast of their patron saint much as they did when they were independent, with fireworks, masses, processions, folk and indigenous dance and more. There is an unfinished portrait of Joseph Stalin, who became a hero to Kahlo after Rivera had a falling out with Russian Communism theorist Leon Trotsky. There have been efforts to cultivate human-planted forests, mostly of eucalyptus and other trees in areas such as Zacatépetl, which had been completely deforested. [26], Other landmarks off the plazas include the Museo Nacional de Culturas Populares, and the Acuavida Coyoacán. The Aztecs gave the area its current name; however their rule was hated by the native Tepanecas, who welcomed Hernán Cortés and the Spanish, allowing them to use this southern port on Lake Texcoco as a headquarters during the conquest of Tenochtitlan. Culturally, they are still distinguished by having their own histories and legends. It contains the Blas Galindo Auditorium, the Teatro de las Artes, two other theaters, the national music conservatory as well as schools of theater, dance, cinema, painting, sculpture and engraving. The complex contains the National Library and National Periodical Collection, the Instituto de Estudio Bibliográficos, the Coordinacion de Diffusion Cultural and the Julio Torre Bookstore/Café. It was built in the 19th century. It conserves a large part of the original wood beams and decorative work in wood which was done by indigenous hands. This tongue position often indicates hunger or thirst, but can also indicate tiredness. [15] In March 2008, the two plazas were closed off by authorities for renovation work, forcing the removal of more than 500 street stalls for renovation of the two plazas and the streets around them costing 88.3 million pesos. There is also a parade that features “mojigangas” which are large structures made of cardboard and paper in the shape of human figures. It has a bookstore and art materials shop open to the public. The ranking is based on income levels, health and education. Today the main house is used for commercial purposes but the building retains many of its original architectural details. Some youths, called “Vanguardias” preferred to meet on Thursdays and Sundays in private home to watch alternative films such as documentaries and animated features. [20], The borough of Coyoacán was created in 1928, when the Federal District of Mexico City was divided into 16 administrative parts. When they were done drinking, they could not find the image where they left it or anywhere nearby. Un coyotito en Coyoacan - panoramio.jpg 818 × 613; 234 KB. In this house, Venustiano Carranza composed the Constitution of 1917. An image of the Nativity and the Three Wise Men is carried through the town on a truck from which bags of candies are tossed to children. The second Gandhi store, called Gandhi 2000, was built to be a cultural center as well as a bookstore with literature related events, children's activities, concerts and more. The first three days are dedicated to 40 hours of prayer. This work moved to areas in and around the Plaza Hidalgo and Plaza del Centenario in 2008, with the main goals being the redesign of the plazas, the renovation of the Parish of San Juan Bautista and the removal of street stalls in and around the plazas. This area was once the El Altillo Hacienda. It is built over volcanic rock, oriented north-south and is surrounded by desert vegetation. The mural in the chapel was done by Diego Rosales in 1961, depicting the early history of Mexico with personages such as Cuauhtémoc, Cortés, La Malinche and Pedro de Alvarado. During much of the colonial period, the atrium functioned as a cemetery. [19] The interior of the church has seven chapels,[19] with the Rosario Chapel containing an ornate Baroque altarpiece from the end of the 17th century. Jahrhundert und hat zahlreiche Künstler inspiriert. [11] Vendors sell street food such as ice cream, homemade fruit drinks, esquites (flavored corn kernels) and corn-on-the-cob served with mayonnaise, lime, chili pepper and grated cheese, amaranth bars, and various candies. [11], The Plaza del Centenario (also called the Jardín del Centenario) is slightly smaller and located just west of the Plaza Hidalgo, separated by Calle Carrillo Puerto. This structure was part of a farm and hospice which was owned by a Camillian religious order. The house is now divided into three independent parts, but they retain their original facades. [32], Sixty-nine percent of the land is residential, 60% is open or green space and the rest is mixed use or commercial. [45] It is the first plant nursery of its kind in Mexico. This borough is much larger than the village, extending for 54.4km2 in the geographic center of the Federal District. It has various halls, an auditorium and two courtyards in which are exhibitions, auditions, concerts, plays, recitals and craft workshops for children. Later a tower and a linterna were added, but these fell in the 1985 earthquake. [38] It had been a Tepaneca dominion for 300 years until the Aztecs took over in the 15th century. [11] It is thought that Los Camilos once provided potable water to Tenochitlan. This monastery complex is best known for its role during the Mexican–American War. [6][12] People come to enjoy the still somewhat rural atmosphere of the area as well as the large number of restaurants, cafes, cantinas, museums, bookstores and other cultural attractions. Viveros de Coyoacan (2546307611).jpg 2,304 × 3,072; 3.36 MB. Currently, most of the borough, especially in historic center, is residential with older adults. Opposition to the removal of the vendors came not only from the vendors themselves, but also from some neighborhood groups and local businesses who feared their removal would hurt tourism. [31] The borough is bordered to the north by the boroughs of Benito Juárez, Iztapalapa, Xochimilco, Tlalpan and Álvaro Obregón. [47], However, in 1940, a Spanish Stalin supporter by the name of Ramón Mercader managed to gain entry to the house and to kill Trotsky with a mountaineer's ice axe. [31], For long before it became a borough, the area was home to a number of small community and villages. Behind this house is the Callejón del Aguacate, which is said to be haunted by the ghost associated with the woman, and local school children are known to go looking for the ghost. [20], The Casa de Cultura Raúl Anguiano is located in the Pedregal area on a property with a 2 hectare lake. The work was sponsored by government and private funds. Mimes, clowns, musicians, folk and indigenous dancers, storytellers and other street performers can be found entertaining crowds. This order is still opposed by some neighborhood groups, but as of 2010, there are still a limited number of these vendors selling in the plazas. Rebecca Horn found over 100 such bills of sale naming Nahua men and women selling to Spaniards. [22] The erroneous name of Casa de Cortés (House of Cortés, referring to Hernán Cortés), comes from Coyoacán's association with the conquistador. The eagle design is one adopted by Mexico after the French Intervention.