Finally in order to improve the performance of the hatchery traits before the technology adopt to the farmers intensive adoptive research should be conduct and also training of smallholder poultry producers in the hatchery management of sand incubator is very crucial. Total estimation of cost and return for each incubation techniques budget analysis was made for each incubation techniques. While, the net return per 100 eggs in sand incubation was177.83 ETB $9.3, which is higher return from that of the broody hen incubation -441.05 ETB or $-23.0, which were not profitable for the first batch at 70.80% hatchability. Embryonic mortality, normal DOC, abnormal DOC and chick weight showed significant differences (p<0.05) among the treatments. The mean annual rainfall of the area is 1212 mm (NMSA., 2011). Learn more. We are highly indebted to all staff members of Hawassa poultry breeding and distribution centre for their cooperation. Although, kerosene lamp were used as a source of heat supplementation for sand incubator in order to hatch a chick and after they transferred in to brooder house up to 2nd weeks of their age which replace the hen function in natural incubation technique. (2002) and Sonaiya and Swan (2004) reported that the hatching rates of the mini-hatchery technique were in the range 50-70%, which is similar to the current finding (62%), which is very satisfactory, considering that in most of the mini-hatcheries operated with sand and kerosene fuel. The survival rate of the hatched chick for one week for broody hen incubation technique (50.7%) was significantly lower (p<0.01) than sand incubation technique (98.1%) as shown in Table 1. The incubators can be easily made using readily available skills and tools. As of this date, Scribd will manage your SlideShare account and any content you may have on SlideShare, and Scribd's General Terms of Use and Privacy Policy will apply. Sand incubation techniques: A sand incubator was modified and produced wood workshop which was constructed with materials such as wood, metal plates, jute sacks, black garment, cotton and sand. Modern electric incubators are equipped with automatic devices and generally used by the commercial hatcheries for hatching chicken eggs to meet the huge demand for quality chicks all over the world particularly in the developed countries. As shown in Table 1 that, the percentage of normal and abnormal day old chicks hatch had a significant difference (p<0.05) among the two incubation techniques. Roy et al. You can change your ad preferences anytime. Instructor at Akperan Orshi College of Agriculture,Yandev. However, the hatchability of the sand incubator can be increase through time with improvement in managing before and after the egg incubation process/operation and on the availability of quality/fertile eggs which domino effect boosts the profitability the smallholder farmers through this technology. Day old chicks weight found to be significantly higher than broody hen incubation technique (p<0.05). The number of egg set for sand incubator and broody hen is different due to the different holding capacity of eggs for broody hen and sand incubator. On the 1st year run, the net return was estimated and can incurred by sand incubator which make it sustainable in profitability for the smallholder farmers by making high income for the next seven years of production period. The current study result is disagree with Roy et al. However due to the low productivity (poor egg production performance, slow growth rate and late sexual maturity) and broodiness for an extended period limit the advantage obtain from this sector. In the first year run period earning $3,339 amount money will be a significant addition to the income of the smallholder farmers. Turning of eggs was done by rolling with a clean hand with gentle circular motion 6 times in 24 h at 4 h interval up to 18 days of incubation period. The broody hen technique cost makes 94.5 and 50.3% of the total fixed cost and gross cost respectively. Precinct of study site: The experiment was conducted in Wolaita Sodo University. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The hatching trays should be lined with a layer of jute sacking and a black cloth.