)V0�0r��� F� Everything in the lichen’s environment is absorbed into the lichen's structure. endstream endobj 554 0 obj <>stream h��V�n�8�>6�2�(��:1�MS��l!聵YG�,��m�~��K���f��`�3ù��qF(a�и"����WI��*b�_����f�NP�9e��@�{A����BH M���8���l2�9]�ˍ}[z�g���Xz���L�$\�.��Й�� 2$� }x�oD|@����a��^R8��$?����>��./u��a������i����7u�1�l8��j��J�A{S���0ho�5�g�c���^�[א�YT[[�����է��Ӡ�� �MΦU���|���O�� u��A�1/�;��9`��`�e�⿀A�o:|y^zb����>> "���(H��+Py����AN)P�"�����ڢi���JggӋ��Z�~*�u��n�_�0I�d�~��o���Z��sԚ��W�ۅC�d�]{=��+]�O��%+RG*�O��>��F� Lichens have been used by humans as food and as sources of medicine and dye. H��W�n�� }�W����UUyKl�@,��u�lk�-5$�g��ú�,���/ �Y����?_����*V��=��k�V ��Z1VYU+^�FԺz�=}�ע��R1���ǧ����U���KS7M9?5�돧g&��^�x���>���Z���M���wƷ��u��][��I�5��Զq_^����G/]x�VL��j��a�B-���f�؊)[g�j#�����?׹{Y�y�u������J�Q��/���0O�ץ���0i+�(�\M9�P;��Vr]��j-�G�L��޺��-EnM����]�ZE[K�M%��������e���K��eR�oCGݧ[��L��1��K��Vؘ�������w�4� h�211S0P���wI-. 1 0 obj<> endobj 2 0 obj<>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB]/ExtGState<>>> endobj 3 0 obj<>stream endstream endobj 557 0 obj <>stream The general structure of a lichen is composed of layers of fungus and alga. A diverse group of organisms, they can colonize a wide range of surfaces and are frequently found on tree bark, exposed rock, and as a part of biological soil crust. ��c9��Ȉ��*��p��ǥ���FpG�]_ݷ�?�9:��V��X�t8��y���_��$��۲Ub�r0�C~s��q?�d�PӒgcF乜A���6PH�QR�f�n[��q��?��pd�b�@1UB4P�$]�6��f� �ǵK����斆�~n�סc����Jo.7D9��4^�u����L� ��q6�J���m$ka���p�W�8��w�ұ�'.d�B���ĥ�Lh�p$�=ë�������nӜh�$��0��0+�+4�1�h|�����lQf�|~��[�#�� h�2��P0P���w�/�+Q0���L)�6�)��)cS�RY�����Zlg` ��| Besides the folk remedies concocted from various lichens, such as cures for lung disease from Lobaria pulmonaria and for rabies from Peltigera canina, lichens do have medicinal uses. �i��fU�N�Տ�a��aTo+�3�͋�j2�妩� I�5Y�t��p�@���o��E��ۯ׷�A�Q u�0�}a� L�ڵ��親����:o��h��"_M�M����m�e��������wmUG�AJJC:��q�>Y ����+�:A\�a Great article. Several of the lichen acids are effective as antibiotics, and com- Lichens do not have a waxy cuticle like plants have on their leaves, nor do they have vascular tissue such as xylem and phloem to move nutrients and water around their thalli as a plant does. Lichens get their water and nutrients from their surrounding environment via air and rain. have medicinal values according to ethnobotany investigations, their secondary metabolites contain lichenic acids, it is proved by studies: some lichen species’ lichenic acids have antifungal activity, they have potential use as antifungal agents ; and the extracts of lichen species such as Alectoria sp.are active against Gram-positive, acid-fast, and fungal … �K���qeG��~���4d�[[�q�)b���A�`�wHx}��#���,!�آt��� 㥟���@05fsI4�N���˘w�%��Dsi�Xpah�99_���S(yR����æ�8 �GwMt*�"��[��H�2,�DzT�� �E��S���az$�L�0�Z�Ԅ{��mڮ�c�u�k�f���4 W-#�$����>;n4)&}��m`�`��hC�u�wf������ 81����BI?�{�-a�Lu���1~�|T���s���)��R�Gd��L��(X��>��A[�U$2�p�p:�4���&�ၘ�e����q���H> �����`��H��@Z��{���x�}SpW*��o�n�. Voted up and pinned. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is used routinely and periodically only when a person exhibits certain ailments. hޜ��o�0����c��@TU�Zm��lQ����ۢ2�l�.������҈�|6���OD���!J%�4�KőA�4�8�}�Q1�D�p� �Q�L� (����0"� �xDD�F�����%ʨ_�@c�. With regard to their medicinal use, lichens are used in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis and as vermicide. Brian is a botanist and herbalist with 44 years experience, and is co-founder of KW Botanicals Inc. in San Anselmo, CA, providing medicinal herb formulae to primary health Because usnea lichen is highly medicinal, it is not recommended to be taken continuously. The use of usnic acid in weight loss is still disputed. endstream endobj 555 0 obj <>stream It is used mostly as a topical medication, although some consume usnea lichen internally. Ѓ�-�M�8�k����!zp+�KY� ͘H93��TdB���h�A���dJ���L���4M_j�J H�8�:��L� 3#R��j`�sOb�$5Y�R�4���S�vt3;��m�T�ف �G��Ejj�����4Ǿ'�j���x�]}T�벲�n|���릵���&�X�D�k� ��Z��P���mQ+%囏�2�-YK�2�stream endstream endobj 556 0 obj <>stream Besides being fascinating in their own right, lichens have medicinal uses, some food value, use as oils in perfumes, and are indicators of air pollution. Linda Crampton (author) from British Columbia, Canada on January 02, 2014: Thank you very much, Cynthia. 1ڑ@U� �T��ZR�A�Z��K����µ�Ke�B��j4��}��^�:/7ﮦ�$Z�M޴�ûɺ��N�d��n�ʖ��s�O�������e�Z"0�Etaw�.�ܷD]�v�U� B�� %PDF-1.4 %���� They probably do have some good medicinal uses, probably ones we don't even know about. Audrey Howitt from California on January 02, 2014: Lichens make a wonderful dye for silks and wools--Loved your article! ��� ��|��``D��vgW�����q��|X&��O;���)��3������U�����rR6��~��M{qo�ǐG5�!��m�П Lichens are found worldwide and occur in a variety of environmental conditions. Nevertheless, usnic acid is effective for the aforementioned … Alectoria sulcata and Parmelina cirrhataFr. ���.8���(s���A��u{ߤL�|���z����_��b�d�{�s�kr���ɼ-! %PDF-1.7 %���� ��Ӿ!���c�I�o��sy¨T��S6�'����rB�bq����bv��4�k;�Tħ����ͪ�a�W'^�=��=�ȭ�� a�i>6����. (Rocks with lichens are used to add interest to rock gardens.) Medicinal Lichens: The Final Frontier H by Brian Kie Weissbuch, L.Ac., RH (AHG) Brian Kie Weissbuch L.Ac., AHG, is an acupuncturist in private practice since 1991. Cruostose lichens can often be found tightly embedded on rocks or lower tree trunks. lichens. +QC� x�yZ�����vhab������Z���%��Exw��;b��w[4.�Я &˖��֮\=t�������/��G��o ;iYE